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The Limitation Effect: Experiences of State Policy-Driven Education Restriction in Florida’s Public Schools

How can a teacher discuss Jim Crow laws without breaking state law? Should a librarian stop ordering books with LGBTQ+ characters? A new white paper by UC San Diego and NYU researchers reveals the experiences of K-12 educators and parents in Florida grappling with state policies and policy effects restricting access to instruction, books, courses, clubs, professional development, and basic student supports.

Click here to learn more.

One Actual Dialogue about Book Banning

With permission of “Educator X,” I’m sharing what we both think is a pretty decent engagement between two people with very different perspectives on book banning.

What do you think of this exchange? What are its pros and cons? What would you have said, that I failed to say? I’ve enabled comments for now. Please respond as if Educator X is listening. 

-Mica Pollock, #Schooltalking (feedback welcome to micapollock@ucsd.edu)

Read our exchange here.

#LetUsLearn: Talking points naming the kind of education that’s good for students, in everyday language.

#LetUsLearn: Talking points naming the kind of education that’s good for students, in everyday language.

Educators are employed to support all of the nation’s children and youth to be well-prepared and successful contributors to our country. Our job is to prepare all students to become critical thinkers who are successful, informed, and thoughtful participants in our multiracial, interdependent, and multicultural democracy, capable of respectful dialogue across diverse perspectives and skilled in all subject areas. In this work, educators are equipping students for “a future that includes all of us.”

To sustain this work, we need to get better at clearly describing the education work we are trying to do so students can continue to learn and thrive. These talking points are designed to help you describe your goals in everyday language backed up by research and national organizations.


Link to these #LetUsLearn talking points can be found here.

SUPPORTED, SILENCED, SUBDUED, OR SPEAKING UP? K12 EDUCATORS’ EXPERIENCES WITH THE CONFLICT CAMPAIGN, 2021- 2022

Mica Pollock, with Reed Kendall, Erika Reece, Abdul-Rehman Issa, and Emilie Homan Brady

University of California, San Diego, Department of Education Studies.

Published July 2023 in the Journal of Leadership, Equity, and Research. Pre-released publicly here on schooltalking.org in May/summer 2023 with the journal’s permission. Please send correspondence on this article to micapollock@ucsd.edu.

Across the country, effort is underway to restrict discussion, learning, and student support related to race and gender/sexual identity in educational settings, targeting schools with state legislation and politicians’ orders; national conservative media and organizations; Board directives; and local actors wielding media-fueled talking points. To date, few analysts have yet explored in detail educators’ lived experiences of these multi-level restriction efforts and local responses to them. In this article, we analyze 16 educators’ experiences of 2021-22 restriction effort and local responses, with an eye to potential effects on student support and learning. Educators interviewed emphasized their recent experiences with talking about race and LGBTQ lives, with many emphasizing threatened punishment by critics for discussing these topics. Context mattered tremendously: While some educators enjoyed support and freedom in race and diversity-related discussion and learning, other educators described intensive restriction effort emanating from local, state, and national pressures. Respondents also indicated that responses from local district leaders, school leaders, and other community members amidst such multi-level restriction efforts were crucial in effecting restriction or protecting the ability to talk and learn. Data from this interview study suggest that the nation may be heading toward two schooling systems: one where children and adults get to talk openly about their diverse society and selves, and one where they are restricted or even prohibited from doing so. The fate of our nation’s teaching, learning, and student support is up not only to the nation’s teachers, principals, and superintendents, but us all.

Keywords: censorship, restriction, leadership, teaching, race, gender, LGBTQ

Link to published JLER article can be found here and schooltalking.org preprint of the same is here.

The Conflict Campaign: Exploring Local Experiences of the Campaign to Ban “Critical Race Theory” in Public K–12 Education in the U.S., 2020–2021

The Conflict Campaign: Exploring Local Experiences of the Campaign to Ban “Critical Race Theory” in Public K–12 Education in the U.S., 2020–2021

Authors: Mica Pollock and John Rogers
with Alexander Kwako, Andrew Matschiner, Reed Kendall, Cicely Bingener, Erika Reece, Benjamin Kennedy, and Jaleel Howard

January 2022 

The Conflict Campaign report cover

The Conflict Campaign: Exploring Local Experiences of the Campaign to Ban “Critical Race Theory” in Public K–12 Education in the U.S., 2020–2021 by Mica Pollock and John Rogers with Alexander Kwako, Andrew Matschiner, Reed Kendall, Cicely Bingener, Erika Reece, Benjamin Kennedy, and Jaleel Howard is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keeping the freedom to include: Teachers navigating “pushback” and marshalling “backup” to keep inclusion on the agenda.

Keeping the freedom to include: Teachers navigating “pushback” and marshalling “backup” to keep inclusion on the agenda.

Check out this article below!

Pollock, M., Kendall,  R., Yoshisato, M., Lopez, D., & Reece, E.  (2022, April.) Keeping the freedom to include: Teachers navigating “pushback” and marshalling “backup” to keep inclusion on the agenda. Journal of Leadership, Equity and Research, 8 (1). 

Find the link to this article here.

Well, what’s wrong with the Whites?’: A conversation starter on raising expectations for inservice professional development on race with White teachers.

Well, what’s wrong with the Whites?’: A conversation starter on raising expectations for inservice professional development on race with White teachers.

Check out this article below!

Pollock, M., &  Matschiner, A. (2022, August). “Well, what’s wrong with the Whites?’: A conversation starter on raising expectations for inservice professional development on race with White teachers. Urban Education. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420859221119109  

Find the link to this article here.

#LetUSlearn: We Insist on Antiracist Education

#LetUSlearn: We Insist on Antiracist Education

By Mica Pollock, Emilie Homan Brady, Benjamin C. Kennedy, Samantha Prado, Ramon Stephens, Abdul Issa, Chenoa Musillo, and the #USvsHate team

We at #USvsHate condemn with rage the massacre of human beings in Buffalo by an openly white supremacist teen. We grieve the losses of Roberta A. Drury, Margus D. Morrison, Andre Mackniel, Aaron Salter, Geraldine Talley, Celestine Chaney, Heyward Patterson, Katherine Massey, Pearl Young, and Ruth Whitfield, and injuries to Zaire Goodman, Jennifer Warrington, and Christopher Braden. We extend our most heartfelt condolences to the loved ones of each and every one of these individuals. We also want to recognize, share in, and bear witness to the grief, pain, and fear that is being experienced in Black communities and communities of color across the country targeted by racist violence.

We redouble our commitment to working daily to support youth and teachers to refuse white supremacy in all its forms.

We pause, and describe our commitments below this line.

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

This massacre was fueled by white supremacy, a philosophy that is centuries old and core to racism itself. Refusing white supremacy takes ongoing work from all of us. In the image below, designed for K12 environments, we together refuse this core ideology. We refuse and reject any situation that treats people of color as less worthy than white people. We refuse and reject racist harm, harassment, and racially unequal opportunity in education. And we continue to work every day to support young people to recognize and undo everyday versions of white supremacy and other common forms of injustice, bias, discrimination, and unequal opportunity that hurt Black people, other people of color, and all of us.

In the wake of this heinous massacre, we also condemn politicians who have been stoking hatred and misinformation while attempting to restrict children and youth‘s ability to learn about issues of race, racism and diversity in schools. Hateful theories about people of color dangerously “replacing” whites in communities and the electorate drove the white supremacist murderer. These theories have been repeated not only in the Charlottesville Unite the Right white supremacist demonstration and online, but on Fox News and by politicians themselves.

And simultaneously — and similarly unacceptably — since January 2021, politicians have filed over 180 bills in 40 states to restrict students’ right to learn in school about issues of race, racism and diversity. Since July 2021, politicians and parents inflamed by them have tried to ban 1,500 individual books on race and diversity — often books about racism, with protagonists of color, or with LGBTQ characters — from libraries or classrooms serving children across 26 states.

This is unacceptable. Politicians and even parents should not try to limit youths’ rights to learn in school about their country and one another. This effort to restrict learning is especially outrageous while youth are learning hate from politicians and media figures themselves.

Instead, all people of conscience must persist in antiracist education in K12 schools. We need accurate and inclusive K12 education if we are to grow a nation of young people who can take care of one another — and lead a future country that works for everybody.

Youth learn to be antiracist through learning history and analyzing current events; through direct discussion and unity activities; through reading literature offering diverse experiences; and through authentic relationships in schools where everyone is treated like they belong. Youth also learn through raising their own voices to articulate their own experiences with and viewpoints against hate, bias, racism, and injustice. Book bans and educational gag orders chilling discussion of racism and erasing diverse viewpoints and accurate history fundamentally restrict students’ right to learn to take our nation forward — forward into a future without racist violence and harm.

Young people can handle conversations about racism that arise from accurate history teaching, from authentic friendship and dialogue, and from exploration of the world’s great literature. And to disrupt the cycle of hate-born violence, they must learn. We all must learn.

We say in shared grief and resolve,

#LetUSlearn

#LetThemLearn

#USvsHate.

— — — — — — — — — — –

We invite critique of/input on this message, which we are trying to shape for everyday school walls. Contact us at micapollock@ucsd.edu.

We also share in closing this message by a fifth grader, who submitted to #USvsHate anonymously. Other antiracist messages can be found on usvshate.org. All can be downloaded for classrooms.

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